作物和土壤中乙酰甲胺磷及其代谢物甲胺磷消解研究
Field Residue Decline Study of Acephate andMethamidophos in Crop and Soil
-
摘要: 为评价乙酰甲胺磷在作物上使用的安全性,采用气相色谱法研究了不同气候条件(亚热带和暖温带)下的4种作物(甘蓝、萝卜、水稻、柑桔)和8个土壤样品(4种作物各自在两个试验地点的土壤)中乙酰甲胺磷及其代谢物甲胺磷的消解情况。结果表明:乙酰甲胺磷在作物和土壤中均可代谢产生甲胺磷,作物中的2 h甲胺磷代谢产率主要由作物种类决定。作物中乙酰甲胺磷的消解半衰期为3.1~13.5 d,甲胺磷为2.7~12.8 d;土壤中乙酰甲胺磷的半衰期为1.4~6.4 d,甲胺磷为4.5~10.7 d。土壤pH值对乙酰甲胺磷的消解影响显著,其在碱性土壤中消解较快。具有较高净辐射的气候条件会促进乙酰甲胺磷及甲胺磷在作物中的消解,因此种植在暖温带气候条件下的作物上使用乙酰甲胺磷较种植在亚热带气候条件下的具有更高的甲胺磷残留风险。乙酰甲胺磷施用在叶菜类蔬菜上可能会有较高的甲胺磷残留风险,建议叶菜类蔬菜应谨慎使用乙酰甲胺磷。Abstract: In order to evaluate the safety application of acephate,field residue decline study of acephate in different climatic conditions of crop and soil were studied using gas chromatography(GC) determination method.The results showed that acephate could metabolize to methamidophos rapidly in tested crop and soil.Metabolic rate of methamidophos in 2 hours was significantly affected by crop species.The half-life of acephate was 3.1~13.5 days in crop,while that of its metabolite methamidophos was 2.7~12.8 days in crop.The half-life of acephate was 1.4~6.4 days in soil,and that of methamidophos was 4.5~10.7 days in soil.The degradation of acephate and methamidophos in soil was affected significantly by soil pH,the alkaline soil caused faster degradation.The climate condition of higher net radiation may accelerate the degradation of acephate and methamidophos in crop,so the crop applied acephate had higher methamidophos residue risk in the warm climate condition than in the subtropical climate condition.Leafy vegetables applied acephate have higher methamidophos residue risk than other crops,it's suggested that leafy vegetables needed to use acephate carefully.
-
Key words:
- acephate /
- methamidophos /
- crop /
- soil /
- decline
-
ZHANG Zhi-jie(张智杰).高毒有机磷农药替代产品乙酰甲胺磷的应用研究前景[J].Guangdong Agric Sci(广东农业科学),2007,(6):66-68. ZHU Yong-he(朱永和),WANG Zhen-rong(王振荣),LI Bu-qing(李布青).Encyclopedia of Agricultural Chemincals(农药大典)[M].Beijing(北京):Three Gorges Press of China(中国三峡出版社),2006:104,1117. Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China,Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China (中华人民共和国卫生部,中国国家标准化管理委员会).GB 2763-2005.Maximum Residue Limits for Pesticides in Food(食品中农药最大残留限量)[S].Beijing(北京): Standards Press of China(中国标准出版社),2005:31. SHI Hai-yan(施海燕),WANG Ming-hua(王鸣华),LI Bo(李波),et al.乙酰甲胺磷在青菜中的残留动态研究[J].Jiangsu Agric Sci(江苏农业科学),2007,(1):209-211. YANG Tao(杨涛),LI Chuan-yong(李传勇),TANG Hui-hua(汤惠华).四种有机磷农药在菠菜中的残留动态研究[J].Guangxi Horticulture(广西园艺),2005,16(3):36-37. YIN Jun(尹君),JIN Guo-xun(金国勋),CAI Zhen(蔡贞).30%乙酰甲胺磷(乳油)在鸡毛菜上的消解动态试验研究[J].Shanghai Agric Sci Tech(上海农业科技),2004,(4):83-84. SANZ-ASENSIO J,MARTINEZ-PRADO A P,PLAZA-MEDINA M,et al.Behavior of Acephate and its Metabolite Methamidophos in Apple Sample [J].Chromatographia,1999,49(3):155-160. ANTONIOUS G F,SNYDER J C.Residues and Halflives of Acephate,Methamidophos and Pirimiphos-methys in Leaves and Fruits of Greenhouse-grown Tomatoes[J].Bull Environ Contam Toxicol,1994,52(1):141-148. HE Min(贺敏),YU Ping-zhong(余平中),CHEN Li(陈莉),et al.40%乙酰甲胺磷乳油在青油菜和土壤中的消解动态研究[J].Chin Agric Sci Bull(中国农学通报),2007,23(9):431-434. REN Hon-rui(任鸿瑞),LUO Yi(罗毅),XIE Xian-qun(谢贤群).几种常用净辐射计算方法在黄淮海平原应用的评价[J].Transactions CSAE(农业工程学报),2006,22(5):140-149. Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People's Republic of China(中华人民共和国环境保护部).GB 4285 -89.Standards for Safety Application of Pesticides(农药安全使用标准)[S].Beijing(北京): Standards Press of China(中国标准出版社),1990:6-7. (Ed.TANG J) -
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 1200
- HTML全文浏览量: 30
- PDF下载量: 441
- 被引次数: 0
下载:
