Sensitivity of Curvularia coicis to pyraclostrobin and its control efficacy against Coix leaf blight in South Fujian Province
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摘要:
采用菌丝生长速率法测定了闽南地区4个薏米产区72株薏米叶斑病菌对吡唑醚菌酯的敏感性，并通过室内盆栽试验测试了吡唑醚菌酯对薏米叶斑病的防治效果。结果表明：吡唑醚菌酯对供试菌株的EC50值范围为1.11~5.06 μg/mL，平均值为 (3.44 ± 0.98) μg/mL，且其EC50值频率分布为连续单峰曲线，符合正态分布，因此可将该EC50平均值作为闽南地区薏米叶斑病菌对吡唑醚菌酯的敏感基线。盆栽防效结果表明，喷施有效剂量为250 μg/mL的25%吡唑醚菌酯乳油对薏米叶斑病的防治效果 (78.2%~79.7%) 较好，与喷施有效剂量为500 μg/mL的50%异菌脲悬浮剂的防治效果相当，显著高于喷施有效剂量为800 μg/mL的80%代森锰锌可湿性粉剂的防治效果。本研究结果为薏米叶斑病化学防治有效药剂的选择与合理使用提供了依据。
Abstract:Seventy-two Curvularia coicis isolates from 4 regions in South Fujian Province were tested for their sensitivity to pyraclostrobin using mycelial growth method. And the efficacy of pyraclostrobin for the control of Coix leaf blight (CLB) was evaluated under greenhouse conditions. The results indicated that the tested isolates were sensitive to pyraclostrobin. And the EC50 values of these isolates to pyraclostrobin ranged from 1.11 μg/mL to 5.06 μg/mL, with the mean value of (3.44 ± 0.98) μg/mL. The frequency curve of pyraclostrobin was continuous and unimodal, and following the normal distribution. Hence, the mean EC50 value of (3.44 ± 0.98) μg/mL can be recognized as the baseline sensitivity of C. coicis to pyraclostrobin. Results of pot experiments showed that the spray of 25% pyraclostrobin EC at 250 μg a.i./mL exhibited high efficacy for the control of CLB, with the control efficacy ranging from 78.2% to 79.7%. This efficacy was as good as that resulted from the spray of 50% iprodione SC at 500 μg a.i./mL, and significantly higher than the efficacy of reference fungicide (80% mancozeb WP at 800 μg a.i./mL). This study will guide the reasonable selection of fungicides for effective management of CLB in the future.
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Key words:
- Curvularia coicis /
- pyraclostrobin /
- baseline sensitivity /
- Coix leaf blight /
- control efficacy
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图 1 闽南地区薏米叶斑病菌对吡唑醚菌酯的敏感性频率分布
Figure 1. Sensitivity frequency of Curvularia coicis to pyraclostrobin in South Fujian
表 1 闽南4个地区薏米叶斑病菌对吡唑醚菌酯的敏感性
Table 1. Sensitivities of Curvularia coicis isolates to pyraclostrobin in four regions of South Fujian
采集地
Locations菌株数
Number of isolates吡唑醚菌酯 EC50 值
EC50 value for pyraclostrobin/(μg/mL)变异系数
Variation factor抗性倍数
Resistance factor范围 Ranges 平均值 Mean * 范围 Ranges 平均值 Mean * 南靖 Nanjing 15 1.34~5.06 3.40 ± 1.13 a 3.78 0.39~1.51 0.99 ± 0.33 a 书洋 Shuyang 21 1.66~4.12 3.54 ± 0.65 a 2.48 0.48~1.20 1.03 ± 0.19 a 云水谣 Yunshuiyao 16 1.31~4.47 3.64 ± 0.94 a 3.41 0.38~1.30 1.06 ± 0.27 a 梅林 Meilin 20 1.11~4.90 3.20 ± 1.18 a 4.41 0.32~1.43 0.93 ± 0.34 a 总计 Total 72 1.11~5.06 3.44 ± 0.98 4.56 0.32~1.51 1.00 ± 0.29 F = 0.681 0，P = 0.566 6 F = 0.672 0，P = 0.572 4 注：*平均值 ± 标准误差，数据采用DPS软件和Duncan’s新复极差法比较差异显著性 (P < 0.05)，表中同列内相同小写字母表示在0.05水平上无显著性差异。Note: *Mean ± SE (standard error of the mean). Values in the same column followed by the same lowercase letters indicate no significant difference according to Duncan’s new multiple-range test in the DPS software (significance threshold P < 0.05). 
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表 2 吡唑醚菌酯对薏米叶斑病的盆栽防治效果
Table 2. Efficacy of pyraclostrobin in the control of Coix leaf blight
杀菌剂
Fungicide质量浓度 (有效成分)
Concentration, a.i./(μg/mL)施液量
Dosage/mL病情指数
Disease index防治效果*
Control efficacy*/%平均值 Mean* 平均值 Mean 25% 吡唑醚菌酯EC
25% pyraclostrobin EC250 500 9.6 ± 0.4 78.7 ± 0.9 A 125 500 13.8 ± 1.1 69.5 ± 2.4 B 50% 异菌脲 SC
50% iprodione SC500 500 7.8 ± 0.5 82.7 ± 1.1 A 80% 代森锰锌 WP
80% mancozeb WP800 500 22.6 ± 1.0 50.1 ± 2.3 C 清水 Water – 500 45.3 ± 2.2 – 注：*平均值 ± 标准误差 (n = 3)；表中同列内不同大写字母表示在0.01水平上存在显著性差异，数据采用DPS软件和Duncan’s新复极差法比较差异显著性 (P < 0.01)。Note: *Mean ± SE (standard error of the mean; n = 3); Values in the same column followed by different uppercase letters are significantly different according to Duncan’s new multiple-range test in the DPS software (significance threshold P < 0.01).
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