两种喷雾助剂对噻虫嗪防治豇豆上蓟马的减施增效作用

王潇楠; 王思威; 常虹; 顾燕萍; 刘艳萍

doi:10.16801/j.issn.1008-7303.2022.0015

两种喷雾助剂对噻虫嗪防治豇豆上蓟马的减施增效作用

doi: 10.16801/j.issn.1008-7303.2022.0015

1.
广东省农业科学院植物保护研究所/广东省植物保护新技术重点实验室，广州 510640

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划 (2017YFD0200305)；广东省农业科学院低碳农业与碳中和研究中心资助项目 (202146)；广东省农业科学院科技创新战略专项资金青年导师制基金 (R2018QD-065)

详细信息

作者简介:
王潇楠，404694775@qq.com

通讯作者:
刘艳萍，liuliuyp@tom.com.

中图分类号: TQ450.45；S482.3
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-04-07
- 录用日期: 2022-01-25
- 网络出版日期: 2022-03-07
- 刊出日期: 2022-04-01

Synergistic effect of two spray adjuvants on thiamethoxam in the control of Megalurothrips usitatus in cowpea

1.
Institute of Plant Protection, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Guangzhou 510640, China

Funds: the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFD0200305); the Low Carbon Agriculture and Carbon Neutralization Research Center, GDAAS (202146); the Youth Tutorial Program of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences (R2018QD-065)

摘要

摘要: 为探索有机硅助剂Silwet stik和植物油助剂迈丝对噻虫嗪防治豇豆上蓟马 Megalurothrips usitatus的效果及其残留行为的影响，通过田间试验，比较了25%噻虫嗪水分散粒剂 (WG) 在登记剂量和减量10%、20%、30%条件下分别添加两种助剂后5 d和7 d的防效，以及施药后噻虫嗪及其代谢物噻虫胺在豇豆上的消解动态与残留量。豇豆样品采用乙腈提取，经N-丙基乙二胺 (PSA) 净化，高效液相色谱-串联质谱 (HPLC-MS/MS) 检测，外标法定量。田间试验结果显示：添加体积分数0.4% 的Silwet stik和0.5% 的迈丝助剂均能显著增加噻虫嗪在豇豆上的原始沉积量；施用25%噻虫嗪WG后7 d，添加助剂Silwet stik或迈丝的处理对豇豆上蓟马的防治效果均显著高于未添加助剂的处理，分别提高了8.84%和6.58%；登记剂量减少10%~30%情况下，添加Silwet stik或迈丝，施药5 d后的防效均高于未添加助剂的处理，分别提高4.04%~8.55%和10.37%~12.25%。研究表明，添加Silwet stik和迈丝两种助剂均能提高噻虫嗪在豇豆上的沉积量，提高对豇豆上蓟马的防治效果。结果可为噻虫嗪防治豇豆上蓟马的科学使用提供依据。
- 喷雾助剂 /
- 噻虫嗪 /
- 豇豆 /
- 蓟马 /
- 有机硅助剂 /
- 植物油助剂 /
- 噻虫胺 /
- 减施增效
Abstract: Organosilicon adjuvant Silwet stik and vegetable oil adjuvant Maisi were selected to conduct field experiments with thiamethoxam to verify the preventive effect on cowpea thrips and residual behavior. Dissipation dynamic and residues of recommended application dose 75, 67.5, 60, and 52.5 g a.i/hm² of 25% thiamethoxam water dispersible granules (WG) with two different adjuvants were compared respectively and the preventive effect of 5 and 7 days after the last spray was investigated. The cowpea samples were extracted by acetonitrile, purified with primary secondary amine (PSA), and detected using high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). The results of field tests indicated that the initial deposition of thiamethoxam on cowpea were significantly increased by 8.84% and 6.58% respectively when the adjuvant 0.4% Silwet stik or 0.5% Maisi was added. The control effect against cowpea thrips of 25% thiamethoxam WG added with the two adjuvants above were significantly higher than that without adjuvant 7 days after treatments. Five days after treatments, the addition of adjuvant Silwet stik or Maisi increased preventive effect by 4.04%-8.55% and 10.37%-12.25% respectively, while the recommended application dose of thiamethoxam was reduced by 10%-30%. The results showed that the adjuvant treatments increased the deposition of thiamethoxam on cowpea, which would benefit the synergistic effect of pesticide, and improved control effect on thrips. The study provides evidence for the synergistic control effect of adjuvants and the scientific use of thiamethoxam against cowpea thrips.
- spray adjuvant /
- thiamethoxam /
- cowpea /
- Megalurothrips usitatus /
- organosilicon additives /
- vegetable oil additives /
- clothianidin /
- reduction and synergism effect

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图 1 豇豆空白样品及添加0.01 mg/kg噻虫嗪和噻虫胺的典型图谱

Figure 1. Typical chromatograms of thiamethoxam and clothianidin in blank and spiked (0.01mg/kg) cowpea

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表 1 药效与残留田间试验设计

Table 1. Design of efficacy test and residue test

处理 Treatment	有效成分施药剂量 Application dose, a.i./(g/hm²)	药效调查时间 Time of efficacy investigation/ d	残留采样间隔期 Time of residue sampling interval/ d
登记剂量 Registration dose	75	5, 7	0 (2 h), 1, 3, 5, 7, 10
登记剂量 + 0.4% Silwet stik Registration dose + 0.4% Silwet stik	75
90% 登记剂量 + 0.4% Silwet stik 90% registration dose + 0.4% Silwet stik	67.5
80% 登记剂量 + 0.4% Silwet stik 80% registration dose + 0.4% Silwet stik	60
70% 登记剂量 + 0.4% Silwet stik 70% registration dose + 0.4% Silwet stik	52.5
登记剂量 + 0.5% 迈丝 Registration dose + 0.5% Maisi	75
90% 登记剂量 + 0.5% 迈丝 90% registration dose + 0.5% Maisi	67.5
80% 登记剂量 + 0.5% 迈丝 80% registration dose + 0.5% Maisi	60
70% 登记剂量 + 0.5% 迈丝 70% registration dose + 0.5% Maisi	52.5

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表 2 噻虫嗪和噻虫胺质谱测定参数

Table 2. MS parameters for the detection of thiamethoxam and clothianidin

农药 Pesticide	定量离子对 Quantitative ion pair, m/z	定性离子对 Qualitative ion pair, m/z	驻留时间 Dwell time/ms	Q1 预杆偏差 Q1 pre bias/V	碰撞能量 CE/eV	Q3 预杆偏差 Q3 pre bias/V
噻虫嗪 thiamethoxam	292.00>211.10	292.00>211.10	50.0	−15.0	−12.0	−22.0
噻虫嗪 thiamethoxam	292.00>211.10	292.00>181.15	50.0	−22.0	−21.0	−19.0
噻虫胺 clothianidin	250.10>169.10	250.10>169.10	50.0	−17.0	−12.0	−17.0
噻虫胺 clothianidin	250.10>169.10	250.10>132.05	50.0	−27.0	−15.0	−25.0

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表 3 噻虫嗪和噻虫胺在豇豆样品中的添加回收率及相对标准偏差(n=5)

Table 3. Average recovery, relative standard deviation of thiamethoxam and clothianidin in cowpea (n=5)

农药 Pesticide	添加水平 Spiked level/(mg/kg)	平均回收率 Average recovery/%	相对标准偏差 RSD/%
噻虫嗪 thiamethoxam	0.01	101	2.8
	0.1	96	3.5
	1	89	4.3
噻虫胺 clothianidin	0.01	86	3.6
	0.1	91	4.5
	1	95	5.1

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表 4 25%噻虫嗪水分散粒剂对豇豆上蓟马的田间防治效果

Table 4. Result of field trial test of 25% thiamethoxam WG against Megalurothrips usitatus in cowpea

处理 Treatment	施药前虫口基数 Population base before application	5 d		7 d
处理 Treatment	施药前虫口基数 Population base before application	残虫数 No. of insects	防效 Control efficacy/%	残虫数 No. of insects	防效 Control efficacy/%
登记剂量 Registration dose	146	87	69.34±5.43 a	87	77.61±7.79 ab
登记剂量 + 0.4% Silwet stik Registration dose + 0.4% Silwet stik	147	45	81.25±3.66 abc	48	86.45±8.39 c
90% 登记剂量 + 0.4% Silwet stik 90% Registration dose + 0.4% Silwet stik	115	54	73.38±12.32 abc	66	76.93±1.34 ab
80% 登记剂量 + 0.4% Silwet stik 80% Registration dose + 0.4% Silwet stik	126	54	77.89±4.22 abc	78	75.23±9.17 ab
70% 登记剂量 + 0.4% Silwet stik 70% Registration dose + 0.4% Silwet stik	144	70	74.98±3.54 abc	99	72.19±3.58 a
登记剂量 + 0.5% 迈丝 Registration dose + 0.5% Maisi	133	41	84.33±7.10 bc	52	84.19±2.65 c
90% 登记剂量 + 0.5% 迈丝 90% Registration dose + 0.5% Maisi	149	45	81.59±2.91 abc	66	81.61±6.04 bc
80% 登记剂量 + 0.5% 迈丝 80% Registration dose + 0.5% Maisi	142	55	79.71±12.31 abc	80	78.16±5.02 ab
70% 登记剂量 + 0.5% 迈丝 70% Registration dose + 0.5% Maisi	145	51	81.08±12.71 abc	82	74.74±12.61 ab
注：表中数据为平均值±标准差 (n = 5)。同列数据后不同小写字母表示差异显著 (P<0.05)。 Notes: Data in the table are mean±SD (n = 5). Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference among the same column data (P<0.05).

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表 5 噻虫嗪在豇豆中的消解动力学参数

Table 5. Dissipation kinetic parameters of thiamethoxam in cowpea

处理 Treatment	原始沉积量 Original residue/(mg/kg)	消解动态方程 Dissipation dynamics equation	相关系数 Correlation coefficient, r	半衰期 Half-life /d
登记剂量 Registration dose	0.64±0.07 a	c_t = 0.9422e^−0.435t	0.9626	1.6
登记剂量 + 0.4% Silwet stik Registration dose + 0.4% Silwet stik	0.99±0.16 c	c_t =0.9182e^−0.432t	0.9800	1.6
90% 登记剂量 + 0.4% Silwet stik 90% registration dose + 0.4% Silwet stik	0.82±0.10 b	c_t = 0.9006e^−0.316t	0.9789	2.2
80% 登记剂量 + 0.4% Silwet stik 80% registration dose + 0.4% Silwet stik	0.67±0.09 ab	c_t = 0.7306e^−0.370t	0.9754	1.9
70% 登记剂量 + 0.4% Silwet stik 70% registration dose + 0.4% Silwet stik	0.60±0.10 a	c_t = 0.7105e^−0.434t	0.9529	1.6
登记剂量 + 0.5% 迈丝 Registration dose + 0.5% Maisi	0.91±0.07 b	c_t =0.8318e^−0.302t	0.9611	2.3
90% 登记剂量 + 0.5% 迈丝 90% registration dose + 0.5% Maisi	0.66±0.08 ab	c_t=0.8303e^−0.422t	0.9707	1.6
80% 登记剂量 + 0.5% 迈丝 80% registration dose + 0.5% Maisi	0.62±0.07 a	c_t =0.7036e^−0.410t	0.9901	1.7
70% 登记剂量 + 0.5% 迈丝 70% registration dose + 0.5% Maisi	0.53±0.06 a	c_t =0.6774e^−0.412t	0.9645	1.7
注：表中数据为平均值±标准差 (n = 3)。同列数据后不同小写字母表示差异显著 (P<0.05)。Notes: Data in the table are mean±SD (n = 3). Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference among the same column data (P<0.05).

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表 6 噻虫嗪和噻虫胺在豇豆中的最终残留

Table 6. The terminal residue of thiamethoxam & clothianidin in cowpea

处理 Treatment	残留量 Residues/(mg/kg)
	药后 3 d 3 d after treatment		药后 5 d 5 d after treatment
	噻虫嗪 thiamethoxam	噻虫胺 clothianidin	噻虫嗪 thiamethoxam	噻虫胺 clothianidin
登记剂量 Registration dose	0.422±0.014	0.011±0.001	0.138±0.022	<0.01
登记剂量 + 0.4% Silwet stik Registration dose + 0.4% Silwet stik	0.297±0.023	0.033±0.004	0.131±0.020	<0.01
90% 登记剂量 + 0.4% Silwet stik 90% registration dose + 0.4% Silwet stik	0.355±0.015	0.011±0.002	0.202±0.007	<0.01
80% 登记剂量 + 0.4% Silwet stik 80% registration dose + 0.4% Silwet stik	0.336±0.022	0.011±0.003	0.123±0.010	<0.01
70% 登记剂量 + 0.4% Silwet stik 70% registration dose + 0.4% Silwet stik	0.293±0.021	0.012±0.003	0.124±0.005	<0.01
登记剂量 + 0.5% 迈丝 Registration dose + 0.5% Maisi	0.325±0.015	0.011±0.003	0.223±0.008	<0.01
90% 登记剂量 + 0.5% 迈丝 90% registration dose + 0.5% Maisi	0.339±0.016	0.012±0.004	0.144±0.011	<0.01
80% 登记剂量 + 0.5% 迈丝 80% registration dose + 0.5% Maisi	0.211±0.010	0.011±0.004	0.123±0.007	<0.01
70% 登记剂量 + 0.5% 迈丝 70% registration dose + 0.5% Maisi	0.323±0.018	0.009±0.003	0.121±0.006	<0.01
注：表中数据为平均值±标准差 (n = 3)。Note: Data in the table are mean±SD (n = 3).

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